{
  "title": "Asielopvang, publieke budgetten en COA-groei",
  "slug": "asielopvang-budgetten-europa-2025",
  "created_at": "2026-08-01",
  "methodology": "MOZOM heeft bedragen uit officiele jaarrekeningen, begrotingsstukken en statistiektabellen omgerekend naar miljoen euro. Categorieen zijn bewust gescheiden omdat Nederland, Belgie, Duitsland en Frankrijk opvangkosten verschillend boeken.",
  "public_money_note": "De genoemde geldstromen zijn vrijwel volledig publieke middelen: rijksbijdragen, federale dotaties, staatsuitgaven, lokale uitgaven of EU-bijdragen. Uiteindelijk worden zij collectief opgebracht via belastingen, premies en andere publieke inkomsten.",
  "caveats": [
    "COA en Fedasil zijn uitvoerende opvangagentschappen; Duitsland en Frankrijk hebben gefragmenteerdere systemen.",
    "Asylbewerberleistungen zijn niet hetzelfde als alle opvang- en infrastructuurkosten in Duitsland.",
    "Franse Senaatscijfers noemen herkenbare/asielspecifieke kosten; bepaalde indirecte kosten zitten daar niet volledig in.",
    "De data bewijst institutionele groei en publieke kosten, maar bewijst geen verborgen winstmotief of illegale opzet."
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA: Financiele verantwoording 2025, aangeboden via de Eerste Kamer",
      "url": "https://www.eerstekamer.nl/brief_in/20260526/jaarverantwoording_coa_2025_181236/f=/vmxukjtzdryo.pdf"
    },
    {
      "id": "tweede-kamer-asiel-migratie-2025",
      "label": "Tweede Kamer: Jaarverslag Asiel en Migratie 2025",
      "url": "https://www.tweedekamer.nl/kamerstukken/detail?did=2026D19048&id=2026Z08472"
    },
    {
      "id": "venj-2015",
      "label": "Officiele bekendmakingen: Jaarverslag Veiligheid en Justitie 2015, COA-bijdrage",
      "url": "https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/kst-34475-VI-1.html"
    },
    {
      "id": "coa-personeel-2016",
      "label": "Officiele bekendmakingen: Kamerstuk 2016 over COA-personeel en krimp",
      "url": "https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/kst-34725-VI-7.html"
    },
    {
      "id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil: budget 2024 en federale dotatie 2015-2024",
      "url": "https://www.fedasil.be/nl/propos-de-fedasil/budget"
    },
    {
      "id": "fedasil-2025",
      "label": "Fedasil: opvangcijfers voor 2025",
      "url": "https://www.fedasil.be/nl/nieuws/opvang-asielzoekers/opvangcijfers-voor-2025"
    },
    {
      "id": "destatis-topic",
      "label": "Destatis: Asylbewerberleistungen, uitgaven en ontvangers 2024",
      "url": "https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Gesellschaft-Umwelt/Soziales/Asylbewerberleistungen/_inhalt.html"
    },
    {
      "id": "destatis-gross-net",
      "label": "Destatis: Bruttoausgaben, Einnahmen und Nettoausgaben nach Laendern 2024",
      "url": "https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Gesellschaft-Umwelt/Soziales/Asylbewerberleistungen/Tabellen/2-bl-iL-bruttoausg-einn-netto.html"
    },
    {
      "id": "destatis-time-series",
      "label": "Destatis: Zeitvergleich Asylbewerberleistungen 2015-2024",
      "url": "https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Gesellschaft-Umwelt/Soziales/Asylbewerberleistungen/Tabellen/4-2-zv-il-bruttoausg-einn-netto.html"
    },
    {
      "id": "bundestag-bmi-2025",
      "label": "Bundestag: Haushalt 2025, BMI/BAMF en integratie/migratie",
      "url": "https://www.bundestag.de/dokumente/textarchiv/2025/kw38-de-inneres-1104014"
    },
    {
      "id": "senat-fr-execution-2025",
      "label": "Senat: execution 2025, mission Immigration, asile et integration",
      "url": "https://www.senat.fr/rap/l25-736-216/l25-736-2163.html"
    },
    {
      "id": "senat-fr-asile-couts",
      "label": "Senat: rapport d'information over kosten van asielbeleid",
      "url": "https://www.senat.fr/rap/r25-874/r25-874_mono.html"
    },
    {
      "id": "senat-fr-budget-2025",
      "label": "Senat: projet de loi de finances 2025, immigratie en integratie",
      "url": "https://www.senat.fr/rap/l24-144-316/l24-144-3165.html"
    }
  ],
  "rows": [
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Totaal baten",
      "year": 2021,
      "value": 851.639,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 851.639,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA totale baten",
      "note": "Bedragen omgerekend uit duizend euro naar miljoen euro."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Baten opdrachtgever DRM/AenM",
      "year": 2021,
      "value": 812.781,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 812.781,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA bijdrage opdrachtgever",
      "note": "Publieke rijksbijdrage aan het COA."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Overige baten",
      "year": 2021,
      "value": 38.858,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 38.858,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA overige baten",
      "note": "Onder meer andere publieke opdrachtgevers; geen marktmodel."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Totaal baten",
      "year": 2022,
      "value": 1577.744,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 1577.744,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA totale baten",
      "note": "Bedragen omgerekend uit duizend euro naar miljoen euro."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Baten opdrachtgever DRM/AenM",
      "year": 2022,
      "value": 1531.001,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 1531.001,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA bijdrage opdrachtgever",
      "note": "Publieke rijksbijdrage aan het COA."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Overige baten",
      "year": 2022,
      "value": 46.743,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 46.743,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA overige baten",
      "note": "Onder meer andere publieke opdrachtgevers; geen marktmodel."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Totaal baten",
      "year": 2023,
      "value": 2703.32,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 2703.32,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA totale baten",
      "note": "Bedragen omgerekend uit duizend euro naar miljoen euro."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Baten opdrachtgever DRM/AenM",
      "year": 2023,
      "value": 2660.35,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 2660.35,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA bijdrage opdrachtgever",
      "note": "Publieke rijksbijdrage aan het COA."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Overige baten",
      "year": 2023,
      "value": 42.97,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 42.97,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA overige baten",
      "note": "Onder meer andere publieke opdrachtgevers; geen marktmodel."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Totaal baten",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 3538.519,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 3538.519,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA totale baten",
      "note": "Bedragen omgerekend uit duizend euro naar miljoen euro."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Baten opdrachtgever DRM/AenM",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 3490.782,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 3490.782,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA bijdrage opdrachtgever",
      "note": "Publieke rijksbijdrage aan het COA."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Overige baten",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 47.737,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 47.737,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA overige baten",
      "note": "Onder meer andere publieke opdrachtgevers; geen marktmodel."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Totaal baten",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 3712.19,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 3712.19,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA totale baten",
      "note": "Bedragen omgerekend uit duizend euro naar miljoen euro."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Baten opdrachtgever DRM/AenM",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 3652.429,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 3652.429,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA bijdrage opdrachtgever",
      "note": "Publieke rijksbijdrage aan het COA."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_revenue",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Overige baten",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 59.761,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 59.761,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA overige baten",
      "note": "Onder meer andere publieke opdrachtgevers; geen marktmodel."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_cost_breakdown_2025",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Personeel en overhead",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 860.07,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 860.07,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA 2025 Personeel en overhead",
      "note": "Kostenpost uit de COA-jaarrekening 2025."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_cost_breakdown_2025",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Materieel",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 2317.474,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 2317.474,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA 2025 Materieel",
      "note": "Kostenpost uit de COA-jaarrekening 2025."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_cost_breakdown_2025",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Afschrijvingen",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 130.133,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 130.133,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA 2025 Afschrijvingen",
      "note": "Kostenpost uit de COA-jaarrekening 2025."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_cost_breakdown_2025",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Gezondheidszorg",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 357.936,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 357.936,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA 2025 Gezondheidszorg",
      "note": "Kostenpost uit de COA-jaarrekening 2025."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_cost_breakdown_2025",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Programmakosten regelingen",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 59.651,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 59.651,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA 2025 Programmakosten regelingen",
      "note": "Kostenpost uit de COA-jaarrekening 2025."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_cost_breakdown_2025",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Financieringslasten (-baten)",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": -13.074,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": -13.074,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA 2025 Financieringslasten (-baten)",
      "note": "Kostenpost uit de COA-jaarrekening 2025."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_occupancy_staff",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Gemiddelde bezetting",
      "year": 2023,
      "value": 55600,
      "unit": "personen",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "Gemiddelde bezetting COA",
      "note": "Centrale opvang, totaal."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_occupancy_staff",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Bezetting 31 december",
      "year": 2023,
      "value": 64326,
      "unit": "personen",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "Bezetting COA eind jaar",
      "note": "Centrale opvang, totaal."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_occupancy_staff",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Totaal personele inzet",
      "year": 2023,
      "value": 6845,
      "unit": "medewerkers",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA medewerkers",
      "note": "Eindstand personele inzet inclusief externen en uitzendkrachten."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_occupancy_staff",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Totaal personele inzet FTE",
      "year": 2023,
      "value": 6214,
      "unit": "FTE",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA FTE",
      "note": "Eindstand personele inzet inclusief externen en uitzendkrachten."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_occupancy_staff",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Gemiddelde bezetting",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 68868,
      "unit": "personen",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "Gemiddelde bezetting COA",
      "note": "Centrale opvang, totaal."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_occupancy_staff",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Bezetting 31 december",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 71790,
      "unit": "personen",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "Bezetting COA eind jaar",
      "note": "Centrale opvang, totaal."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_occupancy_staff",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Totaal personele inzet",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 8165,
      "unit": "medewerkers",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA medewerkers",
      "note": "Eindstand personele inzet inclusief externen en uitzendkrachten."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_occupancy_staff",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Totaal personele inzet FTE",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 7450,
      "unit": "FTE",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA FTE",
      "note": "Eindstand personele inzet inclusief externen en uitzendkrachten."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_occupancy_staff",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Gemiddelde bezetting",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 73991,
      "unit": "personen",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "Gemiddelde bezetting COA",
      "note": "Centrale opvang, totaal."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_occupancy_staff",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Bezetting 31 december",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 79137,
      "unit": "personen",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "Bezetting COA eind jaar",
      "note": "Centrale opvang, totaal."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_occupancy_staff",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Totaal personele inzet",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 8697,
      "unit": "medewerkers",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA medewerkers",
      "note": "Eindstand personele inzet inclusief externen en uitzendkrachten."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_occupancy_staff",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Totaal personele inzet FTE",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 7973,
      "unit": "FTE",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA FTE",
      "note": "Eindstand personele inzet inclusief externen en uitzendkrachten."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_locations",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Operationele locaties",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 362,
      "unit": "locaties",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA operationele locaties",
      "note": "Inclusief gemeentelijke opvanglocaties."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_capacity",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Netto technische capaciteit eind jaar",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 81674,
      "unit": "plaatsen",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "COA capaciteit eind 2025",
      "note": "Inclusief tijdelijke en duurzame gemeentelijke opvang."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_subsidy",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Subsidie 2025 na aanvullende beschikking",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 3593,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 3593,
      "source_id": "tweede-kamer-asiel-migratie-2025",
      "label": "COA subsidie 2025",
      "note": "Afgerond; Kamerstuk noemt verlaging na bijstelling van de Q."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "coa_subsidy",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Crisisnoodopvang en hogere opvangkosten in subsidie",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 1148,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 1148,
      "source_id": "tweede-kamer-asiel-migratie-2025",
      "label": "Crisisnoodopvang/hogere opvangkosten",
      "note": "Afgerond; onderdeel van de COA-subsidie na bijstelling."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_federal_dotation",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Federale dotatie",
      "year": 2015,
      "value": 296.376,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 296.376,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil federale dotatie",
      "note": "Officiele budgetpagina van Fedasil."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_federal_dotation",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Federale dotatie",
      "year": 2016,
      "value": 579.103,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 579.103,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil federale dotatie",
      "note": "Officiele budgetpagina van Fedasil."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_federal_dotation",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Federale dotatie",
      "year": 2017,
      "value": 397.792,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 397.792,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil federale dotatie",
      "note": "Officiele budgetpagina van Fedasil."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_federal_dotation",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Federale dotatie",
      "year": 2018,
      "value": 261.835,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 261.835,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil federale dotatie",
      "note": "Officiele budgetpagina van Fedasil."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_federal_dotation",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Federale dotatie",
      "year": 2019,
      "value": 410.707,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 410.707,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil federale dotatie",
      "note": "Officiele budgetpagina van Fedasil."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_federal_dotation",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Federale dotatie",
      "year": 2020,
      "value": 537.121,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 537.121,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil federale dotatie",
      "note": "Officiele budgetpagina van Fedasil."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_federal_dotation",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Federale dotatie",
      "year": 2021,
      "value": 530.768,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 530.768,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil federale dotatie",
      "note": "Officiele budgetpagina van Fedasil."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_federal_dotation",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Federale dotatie",
      "year": 2022,
      "value": 702.084,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 702.084,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil federale dotatie",
      "note": "Officiele budgetpagina van Fedasil."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_federal_dotation",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Federale dotatie",
      "year": 2023,
      "value": 838.063,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 838.063,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil federale dotatie",
      "note": "Officiele budgetpagina van Fedasil."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_federal_dotation",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Federale dotatie",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 929.391,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 929.391,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil federale dotatie",
      "note": "Officiele budgetpagina van Fedasil."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_2024",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Inkomsten excl. voor order",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 946.307,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 946.307,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil inkomsten 2024",
      "note": "Exclusief ontvangsten voor order."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_2024",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Uitgaven totaal",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 943.425,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 943.425,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Fedasil uitgaven 2024",
      "note": "Officiele uitgaventabel."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_2025",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Bezettingsgraad opvangnetwerk",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 94,
      "unit": "procent",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "fedasil-2025",
      "label": "Fedasil bezettingsgraad",
      "note": "Afgerond rond 94 procent."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "fedasil_2025",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Gemiddelde verblijfsduur",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 449,
      "unit": "dagen",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "fedasil-2025",
      "label": "Fedasil gemiddelde verblijfsduur",
      "note": "Bijna 15 maanden."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_asylblg_gross",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Bruto-uitgaven",
      "year": 2015,
      "value": 5294.801,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 5294.801,
      "source_id": "destatis-time-series",
      "label": "Duitse Asylbewerberleistungen bruto",
      "note": "Uitgaven volgens Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz; geen volledig COA-equivalent."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_asylblg_gross",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Bruto-uitgaven",
      "year": 2016,
      "value": 9415.839,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 9415.839,
      "source_id": "destatis-time-series",
      "label": "Duitse Asylbewerberleistungen bruto",
      "note": "Uitgaven volgens Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz; geen volledig COA-equivalent."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_asylblg_gross",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Bruto-uitgaven",
      "year": 2017,
      "value": 5901.359,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 5901.359,
      "source_id": "destatis-time-series",
      "label": "Duitse Asylbewerberleistungen bruto",
      "note": "Uitgaven volgens Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz; geen volledig COA-equivalent."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_asylblg_gross",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Bruto-uitgaven",
      "year": 2018,
      "value": 4866.726,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 4866.726,
      "source_id": "destatis-time-series",
      "label": "Duitse Asylbewerberleistungen bruto",
      "note": "Uitgaven volgens Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz; geen volledig COA-equivalent."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_asylblg_gross",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Bruto-uitgaven",
      "year": 2019,
      "value": 4402.888,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 4402.888,
      "source_id": "destatis-time-series",
      "label": "Duitse Asylbewerberleistungen bruto",
      "note": "Uitgaven volgens Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz; geen volledig COA-equivalent."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_asylblg_gross",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Bruto-uitgaven",
      "year": 2020,
      "value": 4194.558,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 4194.558,
      "source_id": "destatis-time-series",
      "label": "Duitse Asylbewerberleistungen bruto",
      "note": "Uitgaven volgens Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz; geen volledig COA-equivalent."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_asylblg_gross",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Bruto-uitgaven",
      "year": 2021,
      "value": 4266.799,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 4266.799,
      "source_id": "destatis-time-series",
      "label": "Duitse Asylbewerberleistungen bruto",
      "note": "Uitgaven volgens Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz; geen volledig COA-equivalent."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_asylblg_gross",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Bruto-uitgaven",
      "year": 2022,
      "value": 6479.756,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 6479.756,
      "source_id": "destatis-time-series",
      "label": "Duitse Asylbewerberleistungen bruto",
      "note": "Uitgaven volgens Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz; geen volledig COA-equivalent."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_asylblg_gross",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Bruto-uitgaven",
      "year": 2023,
      "value": 6290.114,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 6290.114,
      "source_id": "destatis-time-series",
      "label": "Duitse Asylbewerberleistungen bruto",
      "note": "Uitgaven volgens Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz; geen volledig COA-equivalent."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_asylblg_gross",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Bruto-uitgaven",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 6718.465,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 6718.465,
      "source_id": "destatis-time-series",
      "label": "Duitse Asylbewerberleistungen bruto",
      "note": "Uitgaven volgens Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz; geen volledig COA-equivalent."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_2024",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Netto-uitgaven",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 6423.134,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 6423.134,
      "source_id": "destatis-gross-net",
      "label": "Duitse Asylbewerberleistungen netto",
      "note": "Bruto minus inkomsten."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_2024",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Ontvangers einde jaar",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 460970,
      "unit": "personen",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "destatis-topic",
      "label": "Ontvangers Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "note": "Aantal ontvangers volgens Destatis."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_bamf",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "BAMF",
      "indicator": "Totale uitgaven BAMF",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 1020,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 1020,
      "source_id": "bundestag-bmi-2025",
      "label": "BAMF uitgaven 2024",
      "note": "Afgerond volgens Bundestag-begrotingsbericht."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "germany_bamf",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "BAMF",
      "indicator": "Totale uitgaven BAMF",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 878,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 878,
      "source_id": "bundestag-bmi-2025",
      "label": "BAMF uitgaven 2025",
      "note": "Afgerond volgens Bundestag-begrotingsbericht."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "france_2025",
      "country": "Frankrijk",
      "system": "Asielbeleid",
      "indicator": "Minimale kosten asielbeleid",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 1850,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 1850,
      "source_id": "senat-fr-asile-couts",
      "label": "Franse asielkosten minstens",
      "note": "Senaatsrapport noemt ten minste 1,85 miljard euro."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "france_2025",
      "country": "Frankrijk",
      "system": "Programme 303",
      "indicator": "Garantie van het asielrecht",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 1400,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 1400,
      "source_id": "senat-fr-execution-2025",
      "label": "Programme 303, action 02",
      "note": "Uitvoering 2025, circa 65 procent van de missie-uitgaven."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "france_2025",
      "country": "Frankrijk",
      "system": "ADA",
      "indicator": "Allocation pour demandeur d'asile uitgevoerd",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 315,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 315,
      "source_id": "senat-fr-execution-2025",
      "label": "ADA uitgevoerd 2025",
      "note": "Afgerond volgens Senaat."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "france_2025",
      "country": "Frankrijk",
      "system": "DNA opvang",
      "indicator": "Opvanggraad",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 72,
      "unit": "procent",
      "amount_million_eur": "",
      "source_id": "senat-fr-execution-2025",
      "label": "Franse opvanggraad",
      "note": "Volgens Senaat bleef de opvanggraad rond 72 procent."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "france_2025",
      "country": "Frankrijk",
      "system": "Noodhuisvesting",
      "indicator": "Aanvullende noodhuisvesting",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 242,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 242,
      "source_id": "senat-fr-asile-couts",
      "label": "Noodhuisvesting vluchtelingen/asielzoekers",
      "note": "Senaatsrapport noemt noodhuisvesting buiten de klassieke asielbegroting."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "europe_public_budget_comparison",
      "country": "Nederland",
      "system": "COA",
      "indicator": "Organisatie-uitgaven/baten",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 3712.19,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 3712.19,
      "source_id": "coa-2025",
      "label": "Nederland Organisatie-uitgaven/baten",
      "note": "COA zelf, baten en lasten zijn gelijk."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "europe_public_budget_comparison",
      "country": "Belgie",
      "system": "Fedasil",
      "indicator": "Inkomsten opvangagentschap",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 946.307,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 946.307,
      "source_id": "fedasil-budget",
      "label": "Belgie Inkomsten opvangagentschap",
      "note": "Fedasil, exclusief voor order."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "europe_public_budget_comparison",
      "country": "Duitsland",
      "system": "Asylbewerberleistungen",
      "indicator": "Bruto-uitgaven uitkeringen",
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 6718.465,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 6718.465,
      "source_id": "destatis-time-series",
      "label": "Duitsland Bruto-uitgaven uitkeringen",
      "note": "Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz; decentrale opvangkosten zijn breder."
    },
    {
      "dataset": "europe_public_budget_comparison",
      "country": "Frankrijk",
      "system": "Asielbeleid",
      "indicator": "Minimale kosten asielbeleid",
      "year": 2025,
      "value": 1850,
      "unit": "mln EUR",
      "amount_million_eur": 1850,
      "source_id": "senat-fr-asile-couts",
      "label": "Frankrijk Minimale kosten asielbeleid",
      "note": "Senaatsrapport noemt ten minste 1,85 miljard euro."
    }
  ]
}